Beat the heat: Experts say to drink water, stay cool
Staff reporter
The dog days of summer are here.
Scorching triple-digit temperatures this past weekend and forecasts are only the beginning of a long hot-and-dry spell.
Area forecasts are calling for 104 degrees today (Wednesday), 100 degrees Thursday, and 99 degrees Friday.
According to health officials, babies, elderly people, the sick, and those who are overweight are the most susceptible to the heat.
High temperatures also can result in overheated car engines, brown-outs from overuse of electricity for air conditioning, and changes in airplanes' performance.
As with extremely low temperatures, the major danger of extreme heat is to humans and animals.
Here are ways to prevent heat-related illnesses:
— Never leave children or pets alone in closed vehicles.
— Slow down. Avoid strenuous activities.
— Avoid overexposure to the sun.
— Plan outdoor activities for early morning or evening.
— Avoid extreme temperature changes.
— Stay indoors as much as possible. Use fans or air conditioners to cool the air.
— Wear loose-fitting, lightweight, light-colored clothing that will cover as much skin as possible.
— Protect face and head by wearing a wide-brimmed hat.
— Drink plenty of fluid, even if not thirty, and avoid alcoholic beverages.
Heat-related ailments can range from annoying conditions to life-threatening situations. Here are some conditions and treatments:
— Heat cramps: Muscle cramps, especially in the legs after exercising, are caused by imbalances in body salt.
Apply firm pressure to cramping muscles or gently massage to relieve spasms. Replace fluids. Consult a health care provider.
— Heat exhaustion: Loss of fluid and salt through excessive sweating can lead to dizziness, overall weakness, and a rise in body temperature. This can result from normal activities during several days of a heat wave or strenuous activities in extreme temperatures.
Lie down in a cool place. Loosen clothing. Apply cool, wet cloths. Fan yourself or move to an air conditioned place. Take sips of water. Consult a health care provider.
— Heat stroke: If heat exhaustion is not treated, the body temperature may rise to 105 degrees or more and heat stroke may occur. A heat stroke victim may exhibit lethargy, confusion, or unconsciousness and is at risk of dying.
Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency. Call 911 or get the person to a hospital immediately. Move to a cooler environment. Try a cool bath or sponging to reduce body temperature. Use fans and/or air conditioning to cool the body. Do not give fluids.
